Pathology Handbook Quick Reviev By Harsh Mohan Textbook Of Pathology PDF

What is Boil? treatment of Boil?

Definition :- it is an infection of hair follicle caused by staphylococcus aureus. Causative organism:- Staphylococcus aureus Common site :- 1. Face 2. Head 3. Neck 4. Back 5. Axilla Pre disposing factors :- 1. Diabetes Melitus 2. Poor hygiene 3. Low immunity Clinical features :- 1. Painfull red indurated swelling 2. Tenderness 3. Oedema 4. Small pustule 5. If burst greenish discharge found Fate :- 1. Resolve 2. Abscess formation 3. Septicaemia 4. Pyemia 5. Cavernous sinus thrombosis Complications :- 1. Cellulitis 2. Infection of the regional lymph nodes Investigation :- 1. CBC 2. ESR 3. Blood sugar Treatment :- 1. Maintain hygiene 2. Improve general health 3. Remove the affected hair 4. Antibiotics- if multiple boils found usually not required. 5. After escape of pus the part should be clean 6. If recurrent boil appear exclude the diabetes

What is hair fall ?

Hair fall, also known as hair loss or alopecia, refers to the excessive shedding of hair from the scalp and other parts of the body. It Can occur due to a variety of reasons and affects both men and women of all ages. In this post, we will explore the definition, causes, symptoms, management, and prevention of hair fall. Definition: Hair fall is a condition that results in thinning and loss of hair from the scalp and other parts of the body. The hair may fall out in small patches or gradually over time. Causes: There are various reasons that can cause hair fall, which include: 1. Genetics: You are more likely to experience hair loss if it runs in your family. 2. Age: As you get older, your hair naturally becomes thinner and more prone to breakage. 3. Hormonal changes: Hormonal imbalances caused by pregnancy, menopause, or thyroid problems can lead to hair fall. 4. Poor nutrition: A diet lacking in essential nutrients such as protein, iron, and vitamins can cause hair fall. 5. Stress: C

What is CRISPR ?

Recent Medical Discovery: CRISPR Gene Editing In the field of medicine, discoveries and innovations are constantly being made to improve treatments and find curesfor various diseases. Among the most exciting and promising discoveries in recent years is CRISPR gene editing, a technology that has the potential to revolutionize medicine and transform the way diseases are treated. CRISPR stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats, a system originally discovered in bacteria that can cut and manipulate DNA sequences. In the past few years, scientists have been able to adapt this system for precise gene editing in human cells. The potential of CRISPR gene editing is vast. With this technology, scientists can target and disable the genes responsible for causing diseases such as cystic fibrosis and Huntington’s disease. They can also correct genetic mutations that cause diseases like sickle cell anemia. One of the most promising applications of CRISPR is in the field

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