Pathology of Shock

Shock

Definition : Shock is a life threatening clinical syndrome of cardiovascular collapse characterised by hypotension and hypoperfusion.

Classification :

1. Hypovolaemic shock : This is occur due to circulatory blood volume.

2. Cardiogenic shock : Acute circulatory failure with sudden fall in cardiac output.

3. Septic shock : It is occur due to severe bacterial infection.

4. Other types : Traumatic shock, Neurogenic shock and Hypoadrenal shock.

Pathogenesis :

· Reduced effective circulating blood volume.

· Impaired tissue oxygenation.

· Release of inflammatory mediators.

Morphological features : The morphologic changes in shock are due to hypoxia resulting in degeneration and necrosis of various organs like brain, heart, lungs and kidneys.

Clinical features : Very low blood pressure, subnormal temperature, feeble and irregular pulse, shallow and sighing respiration, pale face, sunken eyes, weakness, cold and clammy skin.

Complication :

· Acute respiratory distress syndrome.

· Disseminated intravascular coagulation.

· Acute renal failure.

· Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome.

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