What is Chalcosis oculi?

Chalcosis oculi (Greek chalkos: copper): Chronic ophthalmic exposure to particulate elemental copper or one of its alloys may result in its deposition in the cornea, lens, vitreous and retina. Copper deposits in the cornea (chalcosis corneae) appear as golden brown, ruby red or green pigment ring in the peripheral Descemet's membrane (Kayser Fleischer ring). Lens opacities (chalcosis lentis) occur in the form of anterior subcapsular cataract ('sunflower' cataract and typically greenish in color).

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What is Boil? treatment of Boil?

Definition :- it is an infection of hair follicle caused by staphylococcus aureus. Causative organism:- Staphylococcus aureus Common site :- 1. Face 2. Head 3. Neck 4. Back 5. Axilla Pre disposing factors :- 1. Diabetes Melitus 2. Poor hygiene 3. Low immunity Clinical features :- 1. Painfull red indurated swelling 2. Tenderness 3. Oedema 4. Small pustule 5. If burst greenish discharge found Fate :- 1. Resolve 2. Abscess formation 3. Septicaemia 4. Pyemia 5. Cavernous sinus thrombosis Complications :- 1. Cellulitis 2. Infection of the regional lymph nodes Investigation :- 1. CBC 2. ESR 3. Blood sugar Treatment :- 1. Maintain hygiene 2. Improve general health 3. Remove the affected hair 4. Antibiotics- if multiple boils found usually not required. 5. After escape of pus the part should be clean 6. If recurrent boil appear exclude the diabetes

What is Acute Dacryocystitis?

Acute Dacryocystitis:- This is an acute suppurative inflammation of the Iacrimal sac. Cause:- Obstruction in the NLD leading to stasis of secretion in the sac and secondary infection. Clinical features:- The patient presents with sudden onset pain and swelling in the area of the sac. It may be associated with systemic features like fever. Complications are:- Lacrimal abscess, lacrimal fistula, orbital cellulitis. Treatment includes:- • Systemic antibiotics and anti-inflammatory drugs • Topical antibiotics • Hot compression given locally • DCR(Dacryocystorhinostomy) is done 4-6 weeks after the resolution of the acute episode.

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